Easter Morning – 12 April 2009

Some time ago, I developed a peculiar habit, when I get a book, I look at the bibliography first.  I love bibliographies because in a bibliography, you can see the influences on an author, but my love for bibliographies is surpasses my love of footnotes.  I read all the footnotes in a book, and sometimes I read the footnotes before I read the main text.  According to Emily, I am a man of unusual habits.   Footnotes offer tantalizing trinkets of information.  They are like footprints in the sand, mapping out the author’s path of thought.  They provide numerous rabbit trails of intellectual pursuit.  Yet, for all they are worth, a footnote will always be a footnote, an individual item of information that was not worth putting into the ebb and flow of the main text.  Despite their interest and value, a footnote cannot survive without the main story; take a footnote away and you still have a good story, but take the story away and the footnote loses its value and interest.  Without the story, a footnote is like an unanchored boat floating hither and thither in the ocean. 

Everything since the Jesus’ resurrection is a footnote.  This is a bold and seemingly foolish claim, but I say it because of something N.T Wright once said (in the main text of a book!), “Everything … hinges on Jesus’ resurrection.”[1]  When Wright uses the word “everything” he really means “everything.”  Everything before Jesus’ resurrection hints at this event and everything that follows is a footnote.  There are three reasons everything hinges on the resurrection.  First, the word “resurrection” in first-century Judaism was always associated with a bodily physical existence.  A first century Jew would never use the word “resurrection” for resuscitation or a new, merely spiritual existence; it meant a re-embodiment, a remaking of the physical body.  Second, in first-century Judaism, especially among the Pharisees (yes, the Pharisee were right about something!) the resurrection was the climax of human history happening at the end of this age.  Third, the resurrection would inaugurate God’s rule upon earth for through the resurrection God would triumph over evil, sin, and death.  As someone once said, “Without the resurrection, the crucifixion carries no gospel, no announcement of royal victory, and hence no consequences of salvation. … If Jesus had defeated sin, death could not hold him. If (conversely) he rose again from the dead, it meant he had indeed dealt with sin on the cross.[2] If we braid these three strands of thought together, we can see that Jesus’ resurrection is the climax of history because through it God Almighty defeated evil, sin, and death and inaugurated his eternal reign over earth.  As the memorable line in Handel’s Messiah says, “The kingdom of this world has become the kingdom of our Lord and he shall reign forever and ever. Hallelujah!”

The resurrection is the climax of history and that makes all historical events after the resurrection mere footnotes, interesting footnotes albeit, but footnotes non-the-less.  This means that we live in the footnotes of history.  Therefore, if we want to know ourselves, if we want to know our place in history, if we want to make sense of our surroundings, if we want to find meaning and truth, we must know history’s main story, the story of Jesus that has its grand climax in his resurrection.  If we try to find meaning, truth, knowledge, and beauty anywhere else, we will become an unanchored footnote floating blinding in the surging seas of life. 

          Perchance, this is the reason why so many people throughout history have attempted to discredit Jesus’ bodily resurrection.  N.T. Wrights says this, “Resurrection has, of course, always been frowned upon by sensible people; from at least the time of Aeschylus and Pliny the Elder, both of whom firmly deny that such a thing could happen. But in the last two hundred years, precisely in step with our modern political institutions, we have been told that with the rise of modern science we simply cannot believe in resurrection… Jesus’ resurrection has to be got out of the way because, if it really happened, it would mean that world history reached its climax on the first Easter Day, whereas Europe and America have staked their worldview on the belief that world history reached its climax with Voltaire, Rousseau and the rise of liberal democracy.”[3]  Every age, every society has desperately wanted to believe that they are the pinnacle and climax of civilization.  Every age has stubbornly repeated to itself, “Every day, and in every way, I am becoming better and better.”[4]  If, however, Jesus’ resurrection did actually occur (which it did) then all events, all cultures and all civilizations are footnotes only understood in the context of Jesus’ resurrection.  Our understanding of history must be Cristocentric or Christ centered.

          Jesus’ resurrection is a dangerous doctrine.  It relegates men and their institutions to history’s footnotes and we men do not like to be footnotes.  The resurrection is a dangerous doctrine because it is the proclaimation that right now Jesus Christ is our reigning king, and no earthly king or ruler like to be told they must submit to the authority of another.  Jesus’ resurrection is a dangerous historical event because it forces all men to acknowledge that true change and transformation is possible.  Since Jesus triumphed over sin, evil, and death and since he has already inaugurated the kingdom to come, we no longer have to live under sins tyranny, evil’s oppression, and death’s power. 

          We all know that we need to experience transformation.  On a physical level, we all know that our bodies are corruptible and slowly decaying.  On a spiritual level, we all know that our mind is weak, our loyalty frail, our prayers feeble and infrequent and our obedience faulty.  Jesus’ resurrection is the transformation we long for, it is the salve for all our wounds, and it is salve available right now in the present.  St. Paul said, “You [Christians] have been raised with Christ…For you died, and your life is now hidden with Christ in God.”  St. Paul also said that we are already resurrected with Jesus Christ through our faith in God’s power. (Colossians 2:12) All those who belong to Jesus Christ through faith experience the transformation of Jesus’ resurrection.  Someone once said, “Christian life belong[s] within a historical narrative which began with Jesus’ resurrection and end[s] with the resurrection of all believers, and that the divine Spirit who accomplished the first [will] accomplish the second, and [is] even now at work to anticipate and guarantee that final event.”[5]  Because Jesus Christ was resurrected that first Easter morning we too have been resurrected with him through faith.  This means there is no longer any excuse for living under sin, for fearing death and for being a slave to evil. 

          Since the resurrection of Jesus, history has been a long series of footnotes.  Yet, by the grace of God through the work of the Spirit, we do not have to remain footnotes; we can become part of history’s great story by being united to the resurrection of Jesus Christ.  Now to him, who has triumphed over evil, overcome sin, cast away death and who has the power to transform us, a footnote of history, into God’s beautiful poetry, to him be all honor and glory. Amen. 



[1] N.T. Wright, What Saint Paul Really Said, pg 50.

[2] N.T. Wright, What Saint Paul Really Said, pg 49.

[3] N.T. Wright, Jesus the Risen Judge – and Forgiver, http://www.ntwrightpage.com/sermons/Easter07.htm

[5] N.T. Wright, The Resurrection of the Son of God, pg 373.