Trinity IV – 5 July 2009

            What is salvation?  When are people saved?  These are very important questions that the influential philosopher Jean Paul Sartre answered with these words, “my concern has been to save myself by work and faith.”[1]  Is Sartre right, is salvation a result of our work and faith?  Many people, both Christian and non-Christian believe he was, but is this answer Biblical?  I suspect that the most popular story of salvation is St. Paul’s conversion to Christian on the road of Damascus found in Acts 9.   This story has led many Christians to believe that our salvation can be pinpointed to a specific date, time and place.  This understanding of salvation was common my Bible College and if you asked anyone when they were saved they would reply, December 8 1992 at 8:36 p.m. when Pastor Phil was preaching during Youth Group on Wednesday night.  To be sure, some fortunate people can pin point the time, hour and place of their salvation, but this does not seem to be the common experience of salvation among Christians nor is this the common understanding of salvation in the Scriptures. Is there a story in the Scripture commonly understood to be a normative story of salvation?  Yes, the Israelites crossing of the Red Sea.  

            We Christians tend to read the story of Israel’s crossing the Red Sea as an intense historical drama, which it is, but we often forget this story was the redemptive story of Israel.  As someone once said, “[The crossing of the Red Sea] was the redemptive event which became the foundation of Israel’s existence as the people of God.”[2]  The crossing of the Red Sea is the story of Israel’s salvation because this was the moment when God finally freed the Israelites from Egyptian slavery and justly recompensed Pharaoh for his cruelty.  Since this is a story about how God saves his people, it would be meet and right for us to think of this story as a story of our  salvation and  I would like to draw your attention to three components of this story that should influence and guide our understanding of own salvation.

            First, let us look at the actual waters of the Red Sea. On the Egyptian side of the Red Sea, Israel was covered with the dirt and stench of slavery, but as they passed through the waters of the sea the stench of slavery was symbolically washed off, thus they came out of the waters cleansed and perfumed children of God, albeit children who quickly soiled their garments through idolatry and rebellion.  The water of the sea symbolically washed away the dirt of slavery.  The Apostle Paul, then, connects the waters of the sea with Baptism in I Corinthians 10:1, 2 when he said, “our forefathers were all under the cloud and they all passed through the sea. They were all baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea.”  For the Israelites, passing through the waters of the Red Sea was like Baptism.  St. Peter, connecting the water of Baptism to Jesus’ redemptive work, said, “[Baptism] saves you by the resurrection of Jesus Christ.”[3] Baptism, our passing through the waters is an integral part of our salvation because it unites us to the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ.  That is why Article 27 in the 39 Articles says, “Baptism…is also a sign of Regeneration of New-Birth, whereby, as by an instrument, they that receive Baptism rightly are grafted in the Church… Faith is confirmed, and Grace increased by virtue of prayer unto God.” Just as Israel looked back upon their passing through the waters of the sea as a visible sign of their salvation so should we look back upon our passing through the waters of Baptism as a visible sign of our salvation.  However, why are passing through the waters of the sea and passing through the waters of baptism a visible sign of salvation? 

            This leads us to our second component: the sea.  In the Old Testament, the sea was a symbol of the chaotic forces of natures, which is why John saw no sea in his vision of the new heaven and new earth in Revelation 21.  The Old Testament writers justified their belief with passages such as Genesis 1:2, “Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep.” The word “formless” and “empty” when combined in the Hebrew language signify a dreadful chaos. Furthermore, other Old Testament passages speak of the sea as the home of monsters, passages such as Psalm 74: 13 “It was you who split open the sea by your power; you broke the heads of the monster in the waters” and Job 7:12 “Am I the sea, or the monster of the deep…?”  Thus, when the Israelites left Egyptian slavery only to be trapped between Pharaoh’s pursuing army and the chaos of sea they were trapped like Odysseus and his men, between a rock and hard place.  In order for Israel to be freed from slavery, God had to clear a path through the chaos that kept Israel enslaved.  Thus, salvation is only possible when God works on our behalf.

            The chaos of the sea, I believe, can also be a symbol of the chaos of sin and death.  Sin and death are like the Red Sea, a chaotic barrier separating us from salvation and keeping us trapped in slavery.  For salvation to be possible, God must create a path through sin and death.  Jesus did this when he passed through the waters of sin and death upon the cross.  Through baptism we are united to Christ in his death and through faith we are united to him in his resurrection, as St. Paul said in Colossians 3:12, “[we have] been buried with him in baptism and raised with him through your faith.”  Thus, Jesus Christ accomplishes our salvation by carrying us through the chaos of sin and death.   Therefore, Israel’s crossing through the Red Sea reminds us that our salvation is only possible because Jesus passed through the sea of sin and death and brought us with him. 

            Finally, we must look at one more component, the event that brought Israel to this moment of salvation, the event that made their salvation possible: the tenth plague that fell upon Egypt.  As you know, when Moses told Pharaoh to let God’s people go, Pharaoh refused and hardened his heart.  In order to encourage Pharaoh to let his people go by revealing his power and glory, God sent nine plagues upon Egypt.  However, these nine plagues only increased the hardness of Pharaoh’s heart.  The tenth plague changed everything.  The tenth plague was the death of every first-born male offspring, human and animal, in Egypt.  The Egyptian Pharaoh was considered a god, thus his children were sons and daughters of a god.  When Pharaoh’s son, a son of a god, died Pharaoh let the Israelites go.  Hence, Israel was released from slavery when Pharaoh’s son, a son of a god, died.  For Israel to arrive at the moment of their salvation a son of god had to die.  In fact, all the components of Israel’s salvation are contingent upon the death of Pharaoh’s son, a son of a god.  If Pharaoh’s son had not died, Pharaoh would not have released Israel; they would not have traveled to the Red Sea or passed through the waters. We cannot fail to see the potency of this image, a foretaste of what was to come when Israel’s God would send his son to die so that we might be saved.  Therefore, Israel’s crossing of the Red Sea reminds us that our salvation is only possible through the death of the son of God for it is Jesus, the Son of God’s, death that catapults us out of our slavery.

             I began by asking two questions, “What is salvation?” and “When are people saved?” What is salvation?  If Israel’s passing through the waters of the Red Sea is the story of salvation, we can say that salvation is the mighty work of God when he frees us from our slavery to sin and death through the death of His Son.  Consequently, Jean Paul Sartre, though an interesting and admirable philosopher, is wrong to believe that he is responsible for his salvation; salvation is not the work of men.  When were you saved?  Some of you, I hope, know the time, date and place of your salvation, but if the story of Israel crossing the Red Sea is a  normative story of salvation we must always remember that our salvation was accomplished in the past in the birth, life, death, resurrection and ascension of Jesus Christ.  However, the story of our salvation, though accomplished in Christ, does not begin with the birth of Jesus.  The story of our salvation begins at the beginning of all things as St. Paul said in Ephesians 1, “For [God] chose us in [Christ] before the creation of the world to be holy and blameless in his sight.  In love he predestined us to be adopted as his sons through Jesus Christ, in accordance with his pleasure and will – to the praise of his glorious grace, which he has freely given us in [Jesus].”   Before the creation of the world, before time began, God loved you through Jesus Christ.  Before anything was created, it pleased God to love us and save us through Jesus.  When, brothers and sisters whom God has loved in Christ before the creation of world, when did God save you? 



[1] John Paul Sartre, Les Mots (The Words)

[2] J Ceort Pylaarsdam, Exegesis of Exodus, The Interpreter’s Bible Commentary. Pg 935.

[3] I Peter 3:21